Chapter 12: In Australia and North America, there were still paleolithic people still living all throughout these areas and they were still gatherer-hunters. The Igbo and the Iroquois also rise up during this time. The Igbo arouse as a small village that was along the east niger river in Africa. Their economy was very small and rarely ever left their own tribe they traded cotton fish and precious metals. Areas were still living like neolithic peoples the rest of the world was progressing, in Europe and China, they were entering the modern era. The Ming dynasty lasted from 1368-1644 and this was when China saw an effort to eliminate foreign rule and invaders like the Mongols. In Europe, maritime voyaging began to become the next big thing. The first map was made in 1507 and North America is really small because it has yet to be explored by the Europeans. These voyages began by traveling down the est coast of Africa. In 1492 Christopher Columbus was funded by Spain and made his journey west across the Atlantic hoping to arrive east and ran into north America. At the end of the 15th century, the Aztec empire which is in present-day Mexico the Aztec empire was very large. The Aztec empire had about 5-6 million people that lived in it. The Inca empire appeared to be much larger than the Aztec empire being 10 million subjects.

Chapter 11: The Mongols were nomads. Lead by Genghis Khan, the Mongolian empire claimed a lot of afro Eurasia in a short-lived empire. The Mongols didn't have a huge economic trading system because they were so nomadic and didn't have one place to trade. The only way the empire spread was through force and through military battles. Mongols had a very large and strong military. The Mongols treated women very well and offered them a higher status and a greater public life than their counterparts. They saw women as just as valuable as men and they used everyone's knowledge. Discipline and loyalty to leaders characterized the Mongol military. The Mongols were very tolerant and supportive of merchants, traders and missionaries as they accepted anyone that would make their empire stronger. this movement of people facilitated the exchange of ideas and techniques. The Mongols also spread the plague and brought the disease to its height. The Mongols were a very strong and fast-growing empire they did not leave many ideas for people to observe from today but they called the majority of Asia for a little over 100 years.

Chapter 10: The Worlds of Christendom Christianity was born in southwest Asia spreading east and westward. This religion played a huge role and was accepting of many other people and gave them a home spiritually. The Introduction of Christianity came into Nubia in the 5th-6th centuries this started a vast spread all across euro Asia. The Byzantine church and Christian divergence, when the Roman pope declared he was head of all Christians the Byzantine empire broke away and strongly disagreed. There was no separation of church and state at the time.

Chapter 9: The World of Islam Widespread and united afro-euro Asia. Islam emerged from the margins of Mediterranean and middle eastern civilizations and this began a religious finding. It started to spread across the Arabian peninsula. Allah is their one god. The Quran "the remembrance of God" was effectively summarized as a set of five requirements or pillars of Islam. by the time of Muhammad's death, the united a lot of the peninsula. He became known as Mecca. Men saw women as inferior and subordinate, men had authority over women. All of the property women-owned halves of it went towards their male counterparts.

Chapter 8: China and the World China will be the next superpower that had a major boom after the grand canal was made. Women in China were very different then what it used to be elite women have bound their homes and bound to their husbands by the process of footbinding. The women were free than those women as they were not bound to their homes. During this golden age of China, there was a rebirth of Confucianism and they used this to restore order in China. China continued to grow and flourish their empire they claimed many different countries like Korea and Japan but not Vietnam. Vietnam wanted to be apart of the Roman empire. China had a huge economic growth in the tang and song dynasties. China was the major superpower that they hoped to be and they benefited immensely from economic trade with having the silk road and sea road help with trade. China also saw a widespread of a new religion, Buddhism. The golden age of China saw a lot of growth and became the superpower of the world at the time and was far more advanced than any other civilization at this point in time. The spread of Buddhism from India to China was huge and it covered many vast regions in China. The Chinese made Buddhism a part of Chinese culture and changed it from what it originally was to something more understandable under their rule.

Chapter 7 Part 3: An Age of Accelerating Connections; Commerce and Culture Swahili civilization and a string of thirty or more city-states appeared along the coast of East Africa. The west African civilization began from trade across the Sahara the kingdoms of Ghana, Mali and Songhay helped kick-start this. East and Southeast Asia also became civilizations as a result of trade. Across all of the civilizations starting and flourishing so was Islam it was the most expansive and was widely influential. Trade and the trade networks, the most known and most active was the Silk Roads, it was a trade network that merchants would travel along. On the Silk Roads, Silk was the most sold product on this route. This large land route linked pastoral and agricultural people to others all along the continent. Culture and religion were also practiced and passed. Buddism saw a widespread of widely through Central and East Asia. Diseases in transit also lead to bringing dangerous viruses into cities with little immunity as they have never interacted with these foreigners. The next road discussed is the Sea road which travels across the Pacific down into the Indian ocean and connects Africa, Arabia, Persia, India, and China. The products that traveled along this road were ceramics, ivory precious metals, and skins from animals. With the sea road, the progression of language in southeast Asia and they began to develop an alphabet. Hinduism and Buddhism were spread along this route of trade. Sand roads started trade across the Sahara. Gold salt and slaves were traded across this route.

Intro to part two and Chapter 3: Second wave Civilization in World History; State and Empire In Eurasia/ North Africa During 500 BCE- 500 CE civilizations such as the Persians, Greeks, Romans, and Chinese are at the start of growth and development. The Persian empire was one of the biggest empires compared to those of the Romans, Greeks and Chinses empires. Their rule was emphasized as Monarchs. There was conflict with Persians and Greeks due to greeks wanting expansion of their culture. This led to the Greco-Persian war in the results of Greek victory. The Romans and Chinese are compared empires both spread major ideas of religion and practiced other cultural ideals. With this growth also came failure later in the years. Fall of the empires.