Blog #3: Chapter 2 (First Civilizations) The introduction to new civilizations such as the Sumerian, Egyptian, Olmec, Nubia and many more. From the beginning of 3500 by 500 B.C.E may new civilizations took part in which they originated from the agricultural revolutions. As well as urban revolutions took part in architectural development. As civilizations started to build the form of social status start to become a question in equality. Ways that the rich are higher in class and the poor are lower classmen. The wealthy had no worries just power and money as in the poor they participated in physical labor and were almost seen as slaves. Gender also started to take a role in civilizations in which just civil cities started to practice the idea of patriarchy. That explains that women must operate under the power of their husbands. Women started to be seen as less powerful. For example, goddesses were being replaced or viewed as gods. Like any form of civilizations, the forms start to rise into a form of government that began with the royal crowning over kings. As governments forms learning and development became a new way to communicate and keep track of important information. I have learned in my freshmen seminar that the Sumerian used such writing for accounting in trade and these writing were performed on clay. Such trading also helped spread language and beliefs through rivers but also created conflict with other travelers. The fascinating area that the development of a society or civilization also develops a way of government and functions.

Blog #2: Chapter 1 (First Farmers) Section- Breakthroughs to Agriculture to the end of Chapter. The start of a new era, the Neolithic era also known as the New Stone age in which the development of evolution, new tools, agriculture, domestication and many more civilized standards of living. The ability to observe and learn to spread the knowledge to evolve, to find new ways of cultivating faster by using resources. These resources were seen as advantages due to geographical location. For example, a society that lived in the artic wouldn't be able to plant or domesticate lots of animals due to location so they have to find a new way to live off the land or water. Many societies developed different ways of control which I think are unique and interesting because some societies believed that someone, something or no one should be superior to the rest. Some worshipped women as having greater power, others believed in equality and well some followed a spiritual route of understanding such as many of us due today. Settlements started to form because of this new era of being able to plant your resources in the same area without travel. With the belief of power, chiefdoms were formed as well as different villages. Many new beliefs and control but in unity. This era shows the power of new ideas and the spread of new information without such technology as today.

Blog #1: Prologue, Intro to Part One, Chapter 1 (First Peoples) Section- Out of Africa and The Ways We Were. The introduction to the creation of the universe began with the big bang approximately 13.7 billion years ago, as depicted by the cosmic calendar, which as noticed began the same day as the first day of every year January 1st. As billions of years went by the creation of new systems, way of life, beliefs, and species has helped build the knowledge of the past and the present such as dark matter and civilizations history. How change can be compared to make connections in the present life. The start of part one explains the beginning in which humanity came into one and in my opinion, shows the way of development in which our ancestors demonstrate changes as being fearless and determined. Such as the first migrations which were out of Africa not knowing fear as a danger but as a way to make a better living and discover. From migrating to arrive on lands such known today as Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and the Pacific without any form of transportation or shelter but their senses and knowledge. The way that as a natural sense it is better to be in groups than alone, forming societies. To know how to work together to keep food stable for all, gathering and hunting were best for the Paleolithic era that allowed such developed people at the time to function properly. This significance of the Paleolithic era demonstrates our own connections to the past and knowledge of planet earth and space as one.